A Review of Recent Advancements in Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Machine (FRPMM)
Keywords:
Permanent magnet Arrangements, Design procedure, Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Machine
Abstract
The flux reversal permanent magnet machine (FRPMM) is a novel brushless double-salient permanent-magnet machine with a winding less rotor, in which phase flux polarities are reversed in the stator concentrated coils for each electrical cycle of rotor displacement. In this concept, the qualitative comparisons are made between the FRM with different varieties of brushless machines, especially a switched reluctance machine based on Flux-MMF diagram technique. This description gives the all-inclusive review of improvements of several electrical machines for adoption to renewable energy harvesting, disclose all equivalent limitations along with research favorable circumstances. Various design strategies including the magnet arrangement and winding techniques are adopted to increase the performance of FRPM. In this study results of recent contributions are discussed and analyzed.
References
1. R. Deodhar, S. Andersson, T. Miller, and I. Boldea, “The flux-reversal machine: A new brushless doubly-salient permanent-magnet machine,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 925–934, Jul. 1997. (Article)
2. C. Wang et al., “Three-phase flux reversal machine (FRM),” IEE Proc. Elect. Power Appl., vol. 146, no. 2, pp. 139–146, Mar. 1999(Article).
3. Y. Gao, R. Qu, D. Li, J. Li, and L. Wu, “Design of three-phase flux reversal machines with fractional-slot windings,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 2856–2864, Jul./Aug. 2016. (Article)
4. I. Boldea, L. Parsa, D. Dorrell, and L. N. Tutelea, “Automotive electric propulsion systems with reduced or no permanent magnets: An overview,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 61, no. 10, pp. 5696–5711, Oct. 2014. (Article)
5. C. X. Wang, I. Boldea, and S. A. Nasar, “Characterization of three-phase flux-reversal machine as an automotive generator,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 74–80, Mar. 2001. (Article)
6. D.S. More and B.G. Fernandes, “Analysis of flux-reversal machine based on fictitious electrical gear,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 940–947, Dec. 2010. (Article)
7. I. Boldea, L. Zhang, and S. A. Nasar, “Theoretical characterization of flux reversal machine in low-speed servo drives-the pole-PM configuration,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 1549–1557, Nov./Dec. 2002. (Article)
8. D. S. More, H. Kalluru, and B. G. Fernandes, “Comparative analysis of flux reversal machine with fractional-slot concentrated winding PMSM,” in Proc. IEEE Ind. Electron. Conf., Nov. 2008, pp. 1131–1136. (Conference)
9. J. Zhang, M. Cheng, Z. Chen, and W. Hua, “Comparison of stator mounted permanent magnet machines based on a general power equation,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 826–834, Dec. 2009. (Article)
10. Z.Q. Zhu and Z. Z. Wu, D.J. Evans, and W.Q. Chu, “Novel electrical machines having separate PM excitation stator,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol.51, no. 4, 2014. (Article)
11. Z. Z. Wu and Z. Q. Zhu, “Partitioned stator flux reversal machine with consequent-pole PM stator,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 1472–1482, Dec. 2015. (Article)
12. M. Zheng, Z. Wu, and Z. Zhu, “Partitioned stator flux reversal machines having Halbach array PMs,” in Proc. 2015 IEEE Magn. Conf., Beijing, China, 2015. (Article)
13. Z. Z. Wu and Z. Q. Zhu, “Comparative analysis of partitioned stator flux reversal PM machines having fractional-slot nonoverlapping and integer-slot overlapping windings,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 776–788, Jun. 2016. (Article)
14. Y. Gao, R. Qu, D. Li, J. Li, and G. Zhou, “Consequent-pole flux-reversal permanent-magnet machine for electric vehicle propulsion,” IEEE Trans. Appl. Super-cond., vol. 26, no. 4, Jun. 2016. (Article)
15. Y. S. Kim, T. H. Kim, Y. T. Kim, W. S. Oh, and J. Lee, “Various design techniques to reduce cogging torque in flux-reversal machines,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Elect. Mach. Syst., vol. 1, 2005. (Article)
16. D. More and B. Fernandes, “Power density improvement of three-phase flux-reversal machine with distributed winding,” IETJ. Elect. Power-Appl., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 109–120, Feb. 2010. (Article)
17. C. Sikder, I. Husain, and W. Ouyang, “Cogging torque reduction in flux-switching permanent-magnet machines by rotor pole shaping,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 3609–3619, Sep./Oct. 2015. (Article)
18. L. Hao, M. Lin, D. Xu, N. Li, and W. Zhang, “Cogging torque reduction of axial-field flux-switching permanent magnet machine by rotor tooth notching,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 51, no. 11, Nov. 2015. (Article)
19. T. Kim, S. Won, K. Bong, and J. Lee, “Reduction in cogging torque in flux reversal machine by rotor teeth pairing,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 3964–3966, Oct. 2005. (Article)
20. D. Xu, M. Lin, X. Fu, L. Hao, W. Zhang, and N. Li, “Cogging torque reduction of a hybrid axial field flux-switching permanent magnet machine with three-methods,” IEEE Trans. Appl. Super-cond., vol. 26, no. 4, Jun. 2016. (Article)
21. D.S. More and B.G. Fernandes, “Analysis of flux-reversal machine based on fictitious electrical gear,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 940–947, Dec. 2010. (Article)
22. D. S. More and B. G. Fernandes, “Modelling and performance of three phase 6/14 pole flux reversal machine,” IET Elect. Power Appl., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 131–139, Feb. 2013. (Article)
23. D. S. More, H. Kalluru, and B. G. Fernandes, “d-q equivalent circuit representation of three-phase flux reversal machine with full pitch winding,” in Proc. IEEE Power Electron. Spec. Conf., 2008, pp. 1208–1214. (Conference)
24. R. Qu, D. Li, and J. Wang, “Relationship between magnetic gears and Vernier machines,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Elect. Mach. Syst., Beijing, China, 2011. (Conference)
25. Z. Zhu and D. Evans, “Overview of recent advances in innovative electrical Machines, with particular reference to magnetically geared switched flux machines,” in Proc. 17th Int. Conf. Elect. Mach. Syst., Hangzhou, China, 2014. (Conference)
26. D. Li, R. Qu, J. Li, W. Xu, and L. Wu, “Synthesis of flux switching permanent magnet machines,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 106–117, Mar. 2016. (Article)
27. D. Li, R. Qu, and J. Li, “Topologies and analysis of flux-modulation machines,” in Proc. Energy Convers. Congr. Expo,2015. (Article)
28. D S Phani Gopal Cheerla, L. Malleswari, and Dr. G. RK Murthy,” Mathematical Modelling of Three-Phase Flux Reversal Machine and its simulation.” In 1st National Conference on Power Electronics Systems & Applications, PESA 2013. (Conference)
29. Yuting Gao, Dawei Li, Ronghai Qu, and Jian Li, “Design Procedure of Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Machines” in IEEE Transactions on industry applications, vol. 53, no. 5, September /October 2017. (Article)
30. I. Boldea, C. Wang, and S. A. Nasar, “Design of a three-phase flux reversal machine,” Electrical Machine and Power System, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 849–863, Aug. 1999. (Article)
31. Beeman Vidhya, and kandadai Naga ratnam Srinivas, “Effect of stator Permanent magnet thickness and rotor geometry modification on the minimization of cogging torque of flux reversal machine” in Turkish Journal of electrical engineering & computer science, 2017. (Article)
32. Tae Heoung Kima and Ju Lee,” A design technique to improve the performance of flux-reversal machines” in Journal of Applied Physics 97, 2005. (Article)
33. Tae Heoung Kim*,”A Study on the Iron Loss and Demagnetization Characteristics of an Inset-type Flux-Reversal Machine” in Journal of Magnetics 18(3), 297-301 (2013). (Article)
34. A. Naga Raju Dr. N. Ravi Shankar Reddy, and Dr. R. Kiranmayi “Effect of rotor geometry modification on the minimization of cogging torque of flux reversal machine” in International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology (IJEET),2018. (Article)
35. Barman D. Sengupta, and Bhattacharya T K,” Cogging torque reduction in surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine”, in IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES) 2016. (Article)
36. Gao J, Wang G, Liu X, Zhang W, and Li h, “Cogging torque reduction by elementary-cogging-unit shift for permanent magnet machines”, IEEE T magn 2017. (Article)
37. Li g, Ojeda J, Hlioui S, Hoang E, and Gabsi M, “Modification in rotor pole geometry of mutually coupled switched reluctance machine for torque ripple mitigating. IEEE T magn 2012. (Article)
38. Chen Q, Shu H, Chen L,” Simulation analysis of cogging torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor for an electrical vehicle, J Mech Sci Technol 2012. (Article)
39. Vagil G, Upadhyay P, Sheth N, Patel A, Tiwari A, and Miller D,” Torque ripple reduction in the flux reversal motor by rotor pole shaping and stator excitation” in Electrical machines and systems, ICEMS 2008; IEEE ,17-20 October 2008. (Article)
40. H. Y. Li, Z. Q. Zhu,” Influence of Magnet Arrangement on Performance of Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Machine” Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. IEEE 2017. (Article)
41. R. Ruse, “Calculation methods for a transverse flux reluctance motor,” in Proc. OPTIM, vol. 2, Brasov, Romania, pp. 387-392,2000. (Article)
42. Ming Cheng, K.T. Chau. C.C. Chan. "Design and Analysis of a New Doubly Salient Permanent Magnet Motor". IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol 37, No.4, July 2001. (Article)
43. Sarlioglu.B and Lipo, T.A., “Assessment of Power Generation capability of Doubly salient Permanent Magnet Generator”, IEEE- International Electric Machines and Drives Conference, pp.9-12, Scattle, Washington, May 1999. (Conference)
44. C.Wang, A. S. Nasar, and I. Boldea, “High-speed control scheme of flux reversal machine,” in Proc. IEMD‟99, May 9–12, 1999. (Article)
2. C. Wang et al., “Three-phase flux reversal machine (FRM),” IEE Proc. Elect. Power Appl., vol. 146, no. 2, pp. 139–146, Mar. 1999(Article).
3. Y. Gao, R. Qu, D. Li, J. Li, and L. Wu, “Design of three-phase flux reversal machines with fractional-slot windings,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 2856–2864, Jul./Aug. 2016. (Article)
4. I. Boldea, L. Parsa, D. Dorrell, and L. N. Tutelea, “Automotive electric propulsion systems with reduced or no permanent magnets: An overview,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 61, no. 10, pp. 5696–5711, Oct. 2014. (Article)
5. C. X. Wang, I. Boldea, and S. A. Nasar, “Characterization of three-phase flux-reversal machine as an automotive generator,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 74–80, Mar. 2001. (Article)
6. D.S. More and B.G. Fernandes, “Analysis of flux-reversal machine based on fictitious electrical gear,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 940–947, Dec. 2010. (Article)
7. I. Boldea, L. Zhang, and S. A. Nasar, “Theoretical characterization of flux reversal machine in low-speed servo drives-the pole-PM configuration,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 1549–1557, Nov./Dec. 2002. (Article)
8. D. S. More, H. Kalluru, and B. G. Fernandes, “Comparative analysis of flux reversal machine with fractional-slot concentrated winding PMSM,” in Proc. IEEE Ind. Electron. Conf., Nov. 2008, pp. 1131–1136. (Conference)
9. J. Zhang, M. Cheng, Z. Chen, and W. Hua, “Comparison of stator mounted permanent magnet machines based on a general power equation,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 826–834, Dec. 2009. (Article)
10. Z.Q. Zhu and Z. Z. Wu, D.J. Evans, and W.Q. Chu, “Novel electrical machines having separate PM excitation stator,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol.51, no. 4, 2014. (Article)
11. Z. Z. Wu and Z. Q. Zhu, “Partitioned stator flux reversal machine with consequent-pole PM stator,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 1472–1482, Dec. 2015. (Article)
12. M. Zheng, Z. Wu, and Z. Zhu, “Partitioned stator flux reversal machines having Halbach array PMs,” in Proc. 2015 IEEE Magn. Conf., Beijing, China, 2015. (Article)
13. Z. Z. Wu and Z. Q. Zhu, “Comparative analysis of partitioned stator flux reversal PM machines having fractional-slot nonoverlapping and integer-slot overlapping windings,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 776–788, Jun. 2016. (Article)
14. Y. Gao, R. Qu, D. Li, J. Li, and G. Zhou, “Consequent-pole flux-reversal permanent-magnet machine for electric vehicle propulsion,” IEEE Trans. Appl. Super-cond., vol. 26, no. 4, Jun. 2016. (Article)
15. Y. S. Kim, T. H. Kim, Y. T. Kim, W. S. Oh, and J. Lee, “Various design techniques to reduce cogging torque in flux-reversal machines,” in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Elect. Mach. Syst., vol. 1, 2005. (Article)
16. D. More and B. Fernandes, “Power density improvement of three-phase flux-reversal machine with distributed winding,” IETJ. Elect. Power-Appl., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 109–120, Feb. 2010. (Article)
17. C. Sikder, I. Husain, and W. Ouyang, “Cogging torque reduction in flux-switching permanent-magnet machines by rotor pole shaping,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 3609–3619, Sep./Oct. 2015. (Article)
18. L. Hao, M. Lin, D. Xu, N. Li, and W. Zhang, “Cogging torque reduction of axial-field flux-switching permanent magnet machine by rotor tooth notching,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 51, no. 11, Nov. 2015. (Article)
19. T. Kim, S. Won, K. Bong, and J. Lee, “Reduction in cogging torque in flux reversal machine by rotor teeth pairing,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 3964–3966, Oct. 2005. (Article)
20. D. Xu, M. Lin, X. Fu, L. Hao, W. Zhang, and N. Li, “Cogging torque reduction of a hybrid axial field flux-switching permanent magnet machine with three-methods,” IEEE Trans. Appl. Super-cond., vol. 26, no. 4, Jun. 2016. (Article)
21. D.S. More and B.G. Fernandes, “Analysis of flux-reversal machine based on fictitious electrical gear,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 940–947, Dec. 2010. (Article)
22. D. S. More and B. G. Fernandes, “Modelling and performance of three phase 6/14 pole flux reversal machine,” IET Elect. Power Appl., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 131–139, Feb. 2013. (Article)
23. D. S. More, H. Kalluru, and B. G. Fernandes, “d-q equivalent circuit representation of three-phase flux reversal machine with full pitch winding,” in Proc. IEEE Power Electron. Spec. Conf., 2008, pp. 1208–1214. (Conference)
24. R. Qu, D. Li, and J. Wang, “Relationship between magnetic gears and Vernier machines,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Elect. Mach. Syst., Beijing, China, 2011. (Conference)
25. Z. Zhu and D. Evans, “Overview of recent advances in innovative electrical Machines, with particular reference to magnetically geared switched flux machines,” in Proc. 17th Int. Conf. Elect. Mach. Syst., Hangzhou, China, 2014. (Conference)
26. D. Li, R. Qu, J. Li, W. Xu, and L. Wu, “Synthesis of flux switching permanent magnet machines,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 106–117, Mar. 2016. (Article)
27. D. Li, R. Qu, and J. Li, “Topologies and analysis of flux-modulation machines,” in Proc. Energy Convers. Congr. Expo,2015. (Article)
28. D S Phani Gopal Cheerla, L. Malleswari, and Dr. G. RK Murthy,” Mathematical Modelling of Three-Phase Flux Reversal Machine and its simulation.” In 1st National Conference on Power Electronics Systems & Applications, PESA 2013. (Conference)
29. Yuting Gao, Dawei Li, Ronghai Qu, and Jian Li, “Design Procedure of Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Machines” in IEEE Transactions on industry applications, vol. 53, no. 5, September /October 2017. (Article)
30. I. Boldea, C. Wang, and S. A. Nasar, “Design of a three-phase flux reversal machine,” Electrical Machine and Power System, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 849–863, Aug. 1999. (Article)
31. Beeman Vidhya, and kandadai Naga ratnam Srinivas, “Effect of stator Permanent magnet thickness and rotor geometry modification on the minimization of cogging torque of flux reversal machine” in Turkish Journal of electrical engineering & computer science, 2017. (Article)
32. Tae Heoung Kima and Ju Lee,” A design technique to improve the performance of flux-reversal machines” in Journal of Applied Physics 97, 2005. (Article)
33. Tae Heoung Kim*,”A Study on the Iron Loss and Demagnetization Characteristics of an Inset-type Flux-Reversal Machine” in Journal of Magnetics 18(3), 297-301 (2013). (Article)
34. A. Naga Raju Dr. N. Ravi Shankar Reddy, and Dr. R. Kiranmayi “Effect of rotor geometry modification on the minimization of cogging torque of flux reversal machine” in International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology (IJEET),2018. (Article)
35. Barman D. Sengupta, and Bhattacharya T K,” Cogging torque reduction in surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine”, in IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES) 2016. (Article)
36. Gao J, Wang G, Liu X, Zhang W, and Li h, “Cogging torque reduction by elementary-cogging-unit shift for permanent magnet machines”, IEEE T magn 2017. (Article)
37. Li g, Ojeda J, Hlioui S, Hoang E, and Gabsi M, “Modification in rotor pole geometry of mutually coupled switched reluctance machine for torque ripple mitigating. IEEE T magn 2012. (Article)
38. Chen Q, Shu H, Chen L,” Simulation analysis of cogging torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor for an electrical vehicle, J Mech Sci Technol 2012. (Article)
39. Vagil G, Upadhyay P, Sheth N, Patel A, Tiwari A, and Miller D,” Torque ripple reduction in the flux reversal motor by rotor pole shaping and stator excitation” in Electrical machines and systems, ICEMS 2008; IEEE ,17-20 October 2008. (Article)
40. H. Y. Li, Z. Q. Zhu,” Influence of Magnet Arrangement on Performance of Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Machine” Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. IEEE 2017. (Article)
41. R. Ruse, “Calculation methods for a transverse flux reluctance motor,” in Proc. OPTIM, vol. 2, Brasov, Romania, pp. 387-392,2000. (Article)
42. Ming Cheng, K.T. Chau. C.C. Chan. "Design and Analysis of a New Doubly Salient Permanent Magnet Motor". IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol 37, No.4, July 2001. (Article)
43. Sarlioglu.B and Lipo, T.A., “Assessment of Power Generation capability of Doubly salient Permanent Magnet Generator”, IEEE- International Electric Machines and Drives Conference, pp.9-12, Scattle, Washington, May 1999. (Conference)
44. C.Wang, A. S. Nasar, and I. Boldea, “High-speed control scheme of flux reversal machine,” in Proc. IEMD‟99, May 9–12, 1999. (Article)
Published
2019-02-15
How to Cite
Bharathi, M. (2019). A Review of Recent Advancements in Flux Reversal Permanent Magnet Machine (FRPMM). Majlesi Journal of Mechatronic Systems, 8(1), 33-45. Retrieved from https://ms.majlesi.info/index.php/ms/article/view/392
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